S C I E N T I F I C D E B A T E
GREETINGS AND INTRODUCTIO
good meeting ladies and gentlemen
We always thank our God innumerable times, who reach us to the end of this discussion that following for this whole school year.
Secondly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all those involved in the beginning and end of this scientific discussion, beginning the Debate Master, Teacher Ahmed Elmi Awad, and we will never forget this discussion he gave us which was a knowledge-building and inspiring training
I would also like to thank everyone who is here today for listening to our discussion
Finally, I would like to greet the group we are discussing today.
I would like to point out that we did not reach this place at the end of the debate with the knowledge that we have more than other students, however, they themselves have
significant amount of quaternary to get here. Our luck helped us, and our God has ordained it
Again and today, we are made up of three members that you all know, namely
1- Amir Moh'ed Gamuure: - The first presenter and captain
2- Kawsar A.kareim Jama; second proponent, an
3- A.Nuur Awed Ali; third proposition.
Today the topic we will be discussing is "challenges of water scarcity and droughts in our country, their causes and solutions
DEFINITI
Before we begin the topic of discussion, we have a brief introduction to help you understand what drought and water scarcity are
So if we try to define what is drought? The name of the drought is defined in various ways but in the same meaning by the great book on the meaning of Arabic, the dictionary of the Somali language written by Author Ahmed c|laahi
Keenadiid and the world's largest dictionary Oxford
They all described it as "a long period of time with very little rain, or no rain at all.
Water scarcity can also be described as an "imbalance between water and its demand"
DROUGHT CAUS
1-The environment is not well managed
2-rainwater unsaved
3- Cutting green plants
4- The community is not aware of the environmental problems they are causing
5- Wickedness and heresy increased.
THE ENVIRONMENT IS NOT GOOD MANAGE
Somalia is a predominantly pastoralist and agrarian society, and is directly dependent on the environment, as both livestock and agriculture need water. However, the people of our country lack the knowledge and experience to protect the environment, because 76% of our society is illiterate. If the environment is not properly
managed, the result will be widespread drought and water shortages.
RAIN WATER NOT STORAG
There is no system in our country to manage the wastage of water every wet seasons even we see , and we do not exploitation reach to the seas
For example; During the course of this discussion, we tried to find out how much water we lose per rainy day
Look deeply; The Dayaha stream from RUKUNLE to GOOB is a distance of about 7km, there is a huge amount of water at once. To calculate the amount of water lost, we measured the width of the our stream, and we got 8m, whereas, at a distance of medium water reaching in the stream is at least 2m, We also estimate the slope level to be one centimeter per mitir, This means that water can travel at speeds of up to 7km every ten minutes
We find that one day of moderate rainfall in the surrounding area passes through Dayaha stream every ten minutes by water equal (7000m × 8m ×
2m) Is equal 112,000m³ and 1m³ means 1000Letre or 560,000 barrels of water. This amounts to about 138,880,000,000 liters (1.3888 × 10¹¹) or 694,400,000 barrels per day of rain we lost
We also found out that the water we use at school is 125 per day, which means we use 4,500 barrels every school year. It is clear that one day it would have rained if we had stored the water in our river from Rukunle to Goob, we would use 154,312 days which would be 85 school years and one term.
GREEN PLANT
Deforestation contributes significantly to rainfall deficit
A United Nations agency says research on that land of Somalis is 75% dry and semi-esert. The agency also said in a 2009 report that if plants grown in Somalia were subdivided into area of the country There are 150 trees per km², and an average of 16 people live on 1km² This means that there are only 9 trees per person
We also found that in order to maintain the
relative humidity of the rainy elements, everyone should have at least 80 green trees. The result of this study is that the vegetation demand in our country is 71% and this is a major factor in the lack of rainfall
The last thing we know in this topic is that if deforestation continues for the next 30 years, half of our country will be a desert without rain.
DROUGHT SOLUTIONS AND LACK OF WATE
1- The environment is well managed
2- Storing rainwater
3- Many plants are planted
4- Raising public awareness on environmental protection
5- Fear of Allah and return to Him.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMEN
In order to prevent the effects of drought and water shortages, each relevant ministry should be staffed with qualified and knowledgeable management systems, They also nominate highly trained staff in this regard.
In order for this to happen, the Ministry of
Environment, the Ministry of Water and the Disaster Management Committee Each state and district shall nominate at least three representatives to:
1- Monitor if there is a problem with the environmen
2- Protect the plant
3- Saving water consumption so that more water is not used as needed.
RAIN WATER STORAG
The government's annual budget should include dams, ponds, etc. to save the rainwater that we lose every year.
as well as the government and the people, especially the business community, if they cooperate in digging water wells, more cheap water will be available to address the problem of water scarcity
For example; It costs $ 35,000 per well to drill using by dug machines. We also found out that every year we buy khat from Ethiopia for $ 18 million It shows that in one year we would have panned khat from Ethiopia's cost of 513 wells
we will get
MANY PLANTS TO BE PLANT
If the government and the people work together to plant at least two green trees each person per month, it would be one year for the somaliland community to grow 96 million green trees. If this happened then our country's atmosphere would be rich of water, as the plants would release large amounts of water vapor which would be converted into rain.
This would make our country receive more rain than the highlands of ethiopia.
COMMUNITY AWARENESS OF THE ENVIRONMEN
To alleviate the effects of drought and water scarcity it is important to educate the community on the best way to take advantage of the rainy season as well as plant protection
For example, if the government curriculum were to include one book or at least chapters on how best to deal with nature, or raising public
awareness through meetings and sharing with the media would be the only solution to prevent drought and water shortages
In order to strengthen this issue, everyone who is knowledgeable about this issue, including us, should conduct seminars and trainings for the community who are unaware of the problem they are causing to the environment.
By:- Amier Mohme
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